Reference
C Library
IOstream Library
Strings library
STL Containers
STL Algorithms
Miscellaneous


Reference

Reference of the C++ Language Library, with detailed descriptions of its elements and examples on how to use its functions

The standard C++ library is a collection of functions, constants, classes, objects and templates that extends the C++ language providing basic functionality to perform several tasks, like classes to interact with the operating system, data containers, manipulators to operate with them and algorithms commonly needed.

The declarations of the different elements provided by the library are split in several headers that shall be included in the code in order to have access to its components:

algorithmcomplexexceptionliststack
bitsetcsetjmpfstreamlocalestdexcept
cassertcsignalfunctionalmapstrstream
cctypecstdargiomanipmemorystreambuf
cerrnocstddefiosnewstring
cfloatcstdioiosfwdnumerictypeinfo
ciso646cstdlibiostreamostreamutility
climitscstringistreamqueuevalarray
clocalectimeiteratorsetvector
cmathdequelimitssstream

It can be divided into:

C Library

The elements of the C language library are also included as a subset of the C++ Standard library. These cover many aspects, from general utility functions and macros to input/output functions and dynamic memory management functions:
cassert (assert.h) C Diagnostics Library (header)
cctype (ctype.h) Character handling functions (header)
cerrno (errno.h) C Errors (header)
cfloat (float.h) Characteristics of floating-point types (header)
ciso646 (iso646.h) ISO 646 Alternative operator spellings (header)
climits (limits.h) Sizes of integral types (header)
clocale (locale.h) C localization library (header)
cmath (math.h) C numerics library (header)
csetjmp (setjmp.h) Non local jumps (header)
csignal (signal.h) C library to handle signals (header)
cstdarg (stdarg.h) Variable arguments handling (header)
cstddef (stddef.h) C Standard definitions (header)
cstdio (stdio.h) C library to perform Input/Output operations (header)
cstdlib (stdlib.h) C Standard General Utilities Library (header)
cstring (string.h) C Strings (header)
ctime (time.h) C Time Library (header)

C++ Standard Library: Miscellaneous libraries

Language support library:
limits Numeric limits (header)
new Dynamic memory (header)
typeinfo Type information (header)
exception Standard exception class (class)

Diagnostics library:
stdexcept Exception classes (header)

General utilities library:
utility Utility components (header)
functional Function objects (header)
memory Memory elements (header)

Strings library:
string C++ Strings library (library)

Localization library:
locale Localization library (header)

C++ Standard Library: Standard Template Library (STL)

Containers library:
bitset Bitset (class template)
deque Double ended queue (class template)
list List (class template)
map Map (class template)
multimap Multiple-key map (class template)
multiset Multiple-key set (class template)
priority_queue Priority queue (class template)
queue FIFO queue (class template)
set Set (class template)
stack LIFO stack (class template)
vector Vector (class template)

Iterators library:
iterator Iterator definitions (header)

Algorithms library:
STL Algorithms Standard Template Library: Algorithms (library)

Numeric library:
complex Complex numbers library (header)
valarray Library for arrays of numeric values (header)
numeric Generalized numeric operations (header)

C++ Standard Library: Input/Output Stream Library

Provides functionality to use an abstraction called streams specially designed to perform input and output operations on sequences of character, like files or strings.
This functionality is provided through several related classes, as shown in the following relationship map, with the corresponding header file names on top:


click on an element for detailed information

For more info see the reference page for the C++ Input/Output Library.