left
manipulator function
<ios>
ios_base& left ( ios_base& str );
Adjust output to the left
Sets the adjustfield format flag for the str stream to left.
When adjustfield is set to left, the output is padded to the field width by appending fill characters at the end, effectively adjusting the field to the left.
The adjustfield format flag can take any of the following values (each with its own manipulator):
| flag value | effect when set |
|---|
| internal | the output is padded to the field width by inserting fill characters at a specified internal point. |
| left | the output is padded to the field width appending fill characters at the end. |
| right | the output is padded to the field width by inserting fill characters at the beginning. |
The adjustfield flag is set to right in standard streams on initialization with the default locale.
Parameters
- str
- Stream object where to apply.
Because this function is a manipulator, it is designed to be used alone with no arguments in conjunction with the insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operations on streams (see example below).
Return Value
A reference to the stream object.
Example
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// modify adjustfield using manipulators
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main () {
int n;
n=-77;
cout.width(6); cout << left << n << endl;
cout.width(6); cout << internal << n << endl;
cout.width(6); cout << right << n << endl;
return 0;
}
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The execution of this example displays something similar to:
See also
| internal | Adjust field by inserting characters at an internal position (manipulator function) |
| right | Adjust output to the right (manipulator function) |
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